Background
Ethiopia is a land-locked country located in the Horn of Africa. Ethiopia is second populous country with approximately 123 million residents in 2022 and is one of the largest countries in Africa with 1.106 million km2. Ethiopia’s topography is characterized by varied altitudinal and latitudinal regional differences, which endowed the country with an extraordinarily complex climate system.
There is compelling evidence of climate change in Ethiopia over the last 50 years. At the national level, temperatures have increased by an average of around 1°C since the 1960s. Droughts, floods, human and livestock diseases, crop diseases and pests, hailstorms and wildfires are the major climate-related hazards in the country, affecting the livelihoods of significant numbers of people. The country’s adaptive capacity is constrained by limited livelihood options for the majority of the population, inadequate ability to withstand or absorb disasters and the prevailing biophysical shocks it faces.
Ethiopia developed its National Adaptation Plan (NAP-ETH) in 2017 which is complementary to the Climate Resilient Green Economy (CRGE) strategy of the country. As per the Paris agreement, Ethiopia has also updated its NDC and submitted it to the UNFCCC in 2021 with a target a target of achieving net zero emissions by 2050. The updated NDC builds upon several national climate policies and initiatives including the CRGE, the Green Legacy Initiative, and Ethiopia’s 10-Year Development Plan. Fourty adaptation actions with clear baselines & indicators taken from NAP and its implementation roadmap is incorporated in the updated NDC.
A CRGE Facility was established in 2013, overseen by the Ministry of Finance, which is responsible for financial aspects of CRGE implementation. The institutional arrangements reflect a cross-sectoral, multi-disciplinary approach organized through bodies like the inter-ministerial and management committee and allows for regional engagement.
